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In urban planning and design, an urban village is an urban development typically characterized by medium-density housing, mixed use zoning, good public transit and an emphasis on pedestrianization and public space. Urban villages are seen to provide an alternative to recent patterns of urban development in many cities, especially decentralization and urban sprawl. They are generally purported to: * Reduce car reliance and promote cycling, walking and transit use * Provide a high level of self-containment (people working, recreating and living in the same area) * Help facilitate strong community institutions and interaction The concept of urban villages was formally born in Britain in the late 1980s with the establishment of the Urban Villages Group (UVG).〔Tony Aldous (1992) ''Urban villages : a concept for creating mixed-use urban developments on a sustainable scale'', London: Urban Villages Group, pp. 11-13〕 Following pressure from the UVG, the concept was prioritized in British national planning policy between 1997 and 1999.〔Department of the Environment (DOE) (1997) ''PPG1: General Policies and Proposals'', London: DOE〕 ==Application== Urban village ideals have been applied to new greenfield developments, as well as brownfield developments and urban renewal projects. The concept has been widely adopted in many countries and used by both Government development agencies as well as private enterprise as a guiding concept for many projects. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「urban village」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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